Types and Percentations of Parasitization Egg Parasitoids Spodoptera frugiperda J, E. Smith in North Sulawesi

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L) is the main commodity of agricultural crops in Indonesia. There are two groups of corn that are cultivated, namely ordinary corn (food corn) and sweet corn. Food corn is mainly used as a raw material for making food, which is used as a raw material for making animal feed raw materials and other industrial products. Easy cultivation, can grow in various conditions, stable selling prices and easy to market are the main driving force for high interest of the farming community to cultivate it. Spodoptera frugiperda larvae are polyphagous and attack many plant species. S. frugiperda larvae feed on more than 350 species of plants in 76 families. S. frugiperda is a typical migratory pest and this migratory behavior is an adjustment strategy to find a more profitable habitat. S. frugiperda is one of the most dangerous invasive pests due to its short life cycle. An adult female lays 900 – 1200 eggs in her life cycle. The purpose of the study was to inventory and analyze the egg parasitoid of S. frugiperda and the percentage of parasitization The analysis of the types of egg parasitoids of S. frugiperda was carried out through an inventory and identification process, while the percentage of parasitization was carried out using a randomized block design consisting of 5 treatment groups of eggs from 5 regions and three replications. The results of the inventory and identification contained two types of parasitoids, namely: Telenomus sp. and Trichogramma sp. The highest percentage of total parasitization was from Manado City at 85% and the lowest was from Bolaang Mongondow at 5%. Telenomus sp. higher percentage of parasitization than Trichogramma sp. Parasitization percentage of Telenomus sp. on eggs of S. frugiperda the highest came from Manado by 63% and the lowest came from Tomohon by 3%, while the percentage of parasitization of Trichograma sp. The highest came from Manado at 22%, and the lowest came from Bolaang Mongondow Regency at zero percent. In conclusion, there are 2 types of egg parasitoids in S. frugiperda eggs, namely the parasitoid Telenomus sp and the parasitoid Trichogramma sp., the percentage of parasitization of Telenomus sp. on eggs of S. frugiperda the highest sample from Manado and the lowest sample from Tomohon. Percentage of parasitization of Trichograma sp. the highest sample of S. frugiperda eggs from Manado, and the lowest sample from Bolaang Mongondow.