The use of Antibiotics and the Contribution to the Increase in Bacterial Resistance: A Perspective from a Research in a Health unit in Salvador

Abstract

Antibiotics mark an era of modern medicine, after their discovery, the death rates from infections decreased 100%. However, with the potential of this class threatened by excessive and unnecessary use, associated and emerging infectious diseases arose due to the ineffectiveness of antibiotics. Bacterial resistance has become a public health problem. This paper aims to track a health care unit profile focused on medical care in a BHU in Salvador-BA, Brazil, through a descriptive exploratory study. Identifying the main antibiotics in use, if there are interactions with continuous use drugs, analyzing the factors that contribute to bacterial resistance and discussing the importance of the pharmacist in guiding the use of this class. A literature review conducted from Scielo, Journal of Public Health, WHO, ANVISA support the elaboration of a questionnaire applied to 150 participants from the community covered by the study in health unit after consent by signing the Informed Consent Form. The participants cited eight types of antibiotics, among which there was a prevalence of beta-lactams, and five types of antihypertensive drugs associated with antibiotic use. The analysis of the results identified some drug interactions. Thus, it is necessary to strengthen health education strategies, since the drug dispensing involves until the instructions given to the patient, to minimize the consequences of misuse of this class and avoid cases of bacterial resistance.