Adverse Post-Vaccination Events to BCG in Cacoal City, Rondonia, Brazil - 2016-2018 Period

Abstract

The Calmette-Guérin Bacillus (BCG) vaccine is used against severe forms of tuberculosis. Although BCG post vaccination adverse events (EAPV) are uncommon, when identified they should be reported. The objective was to characterize the EAPV to BCG in the Municipality of Cacoal / RO from 2016-2018. This is a documentary, cross-sectional and descriptive study of quantitative approach, conducted with secondary data obtained from the reporting / investigation forms of AEFI to BCG, in the period 2016-2018 of individuals residing in Cacoal / RO. The population consisted of 13 notification forms, and they were part of sample 11, since 02 met the exclusion criteria. Data were collected through a collection instrument prepared by the researchers and the project was executed after authorization by the Municipal Secretary of Health and CEP under CAAE No. 2556919.0.0000.5298. During the study period, 4,677 individuals were vaccinated with BCG, data collected through the SI-PNI. Of the 11 AEFIs reported, 7 were male and 4 female. The AEFIs identified with the respective proportion of cases in the study population were: cold subcutaneous abscess (2.67: 2.500), non-suppurative regional lymphadenopathy (1.6: 2.500), warm subcutaneous abscess (1.07: 2.500) and lymphadenopathy. regional suppuration (0.5: 2,500). Among the 11 cases studied, 04 did not follow the AEFI management protocol. It was concluded that VAPA to BCG predominated in males, in children younger than 1 year old and that cold subcutaneous abscess, non-suppurative regional lymphadenopathy and warm subcutaneous abscess are above the standard recommended by NIBP.