Clinical-Epidemiological profile of Patients who acquired Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation in an ICU inside the State of Rondônia

Abstract

Infections in the hospital environment are a serious problem in the intensive care unit environments. Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most frequent infection in American and European Intensive Care Units (ICUs). This project aimed to outline the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit. It is descriptive, documentary, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected using a specific form, directly from the patients' medical records and, afterwards, underwent a quantitative analysis process. Information was collected from 17 patients, through their medical records, who developed VAP in an Intensive Care Unit from January to December 2018, with two patients developing the infection twice. Thus, 100% of patients who developed VAP in the period were surveyed. The incidence density of VAP during the period in the studied unit was 5.6 cases for every 1000 mechanical ventilators / day. At the outcome of the clinical course of patients hospitalized with VAP, the mortality rate was 41% due to VAP, however, 24% of the patients died of other complications, 35% were successful in the treatment and management of VAP. Knowledge about these data is of great importance in the creation of assessment instruments in nursing care, gaining gains in the evolution of the clinical condition of patients, providing nurses with better planning of their health care actions.