Microcephaly: Clinical and Sociodemographic Profile of Affected Children in the Municipality of Cacoal, Rondônia, Brazil

Abstract

Microcephaly is a congenital malformation, which will impair brain development. It can occur due to genetic complications, classified as primary with genetic character and secondary non-genetic as; alcohol, drugs, radiation exposure and one of the most common is transmission of the zika virus that is transmitted by the aedesaegypti bug. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and socio-demographic profile of children notified with microcephaly in the city of Cacoal-RO. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, qualitative study. The study was carried out with children affected with microcephaly registered in SINAN, the data collection was carried out by applying a semi-structured questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The data were collected through a questionnaire with 15 questions, the data collection was structured in 4 phases. The data obtained correspond to 3 children with microcephaly, with a predominance of females 3 (100%) aged between 2 to 4 years (66.7%). The parents' age group prevailed 18 to 29 years (66.7%), it was observed that the predominant family income was 1 to 2 minimum wages. In relation to cranial perimeter, 2 (66, 7%) was adequate for age, with 1 (33.3%) being below the expected for age, in relation to weight 2 (66.7%) was underweight for age followed by 1 (33, 3%) adequate. Children are monitored in health services, care is provided in specialized units. It was concluded that in view of the results obtained, knowledge of the family and social context in which the child is inserted is essential for planning care.