Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of two endodontic cements based on calcium silicate and Pulp Canal Sealer cement in human fibroblasts

Abstract

During the gutta-percha filling stage, the endodontic cement can extend beyond the apex, interacting directly with the periapical tissues. Thus, endodontic cements should exhibit several positive biological characteristics, such as cytocompatibility. The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of two bioceramic endodontic cements, Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer, and of the cement and Pulp Canal Sealer based on zinc oxide and eugenol. For this purpose, human gingival fibroblasts (FG11 and FG15) were submitted to the cell culture medium conditioned by the cements (TFBCS Group: TotalFill BC Sealer Cement; BCS Group: Bio-C Sealer Cement; PCS Group: Pulp Canal Sealer Cement), and cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. The test was performed 48 and 72 hours after contact with the cement extracts (1:5 dilution). Cells cultivated in DMEM medium served as control. Descriptive analysis and data submitted to the ANOVA and Tukey's test (P <0.05) were performed using the SOSS 23 program (SPSS INC., CHICAGO, IL, USA). The results showed that the cultures submitted to the two endodontic bioceramic cements presented greater viability in relation to Pulp Canal Sealer cement (P <0.05), for both evaluation times. Within the limitations of the methodology, it could be concluded that bioceramic cements Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer presented higher cytocompatibility compared to Pulp Canal Sealer, for the times of 48 and 72h.