Climate Change Adaptation Planning, Measures and Multilevel Governance Approaches in Pakistan: Climate change and its risks on natural resources and human health of the country and Governments’ responses

Abstract

Climate Change is a complex challenge that the world is facing. Pakistan would be the most affected by climate-related disasters because of a lack of proper institutional, financial, and technological mechanisms to control the risks of climate change (Yamin, et al.,2005). Past natural disasters show that the local governments with insufficient financial resources, planning, institutional, technical adaptation capabilities remain unable to overcome natural disasters. Pakistan is an agricultural country, and its economy relies on the agriculture field. However, the growth rate of agriculture is decreasing because of environmental changes that are having great harmful effects on the already limited water resources(The World Bank Group, 2016; Khan, et al., 2016). Long-term climate change and frequent extreme climate events have significant negative impacts on people's health that can cause death, disability, or suffering worldwide, especially in developing countries. This paper will recommend climate change adaptation and measures to reduce environmental degradation that will help create practical results for disaster reduction, public health, and water and natural resources’ improvement of Pakistan.