Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) Callus Induction In Vitro

Abstract

Karamunting plant is one of the biodiversity that must be developed because it has potential as phytopharmaca. The lack of public attention to the preservation and conservation of karamunting plants causes the scarcity of these plants, so it is necessary to do conservation in the form of propagation in vitro. One of the first steps that can be done is to get a callus induction protocol of karamunting plants. This study aim is to obtain a callus induction protocol for karamunting plants using 2,4D, TDZ and BAP growth regulators in vitro. This research was conducted in October to December 2019, at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang. This experiment was compiled based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD).The treatment used was MS media with a combination of 2,4D, BAP, and Thidiazuron concentrations, namely: A = 2.5 ppm 2,4D, B = 5.0 ppm 2,4D, C = 2.5 ppm 2,4D + 1 ppm BAP, D = 5.0 ppm 2,2D + 1 ppm BAP, E = 2.5 ppm 2,4D + 2 ppm TDZ, F = 5.0 ppm 2,4D + 2 ppm TDZ. Explants in the form of karamunting leaves from seed germination in vitro. Based on the results of the study found the influence of growth regulators BAP, 2.4D and TDZ on the percentage of explants forming callus, callus texture and karamunting callus color. By administering 2.5 ppm 2,4D + 1 ppm BAP, 5.0 ppm 2,2D + 1 ppm BAP and 2.5 ppm 2,4D + 2 ppm TDZ are able to produce a 100% callus percentage. The 5.0 ppm 2,4D + 2 ppm TDZ treatment produced crumb callus with the highest percentage which was 90%, and 5.0 ppm 2,4D was able to produce compact callus with the highest percentage which was 100% and the 2.5 ppm 2,4D treatment, 2.5 ppm 2,4D and 5.0 ppm 2,4D + 2 ppm TDZ produce white callus with the highest percentage that is 100% and 2.5 ppm 2,4D treatment + 1 ppm BAP produces green callus with the most percentage which is 75%. While for the first time the callus appeared there was no effect of some concentrations of BAP, TDZ and 2,4D.