Antibacterial Activities of different Fractions obtained from Methanolic Extracts of Allium sativum bulbs and Gacinia kola Seeds

Abstract

Antibacterial activities of different fractions obtained from crude methanolic extracts of Allium sativum and Garcinia kola and their time kill assay were investigated individually and in combined form. Standard methods were used and test organisms include: Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. anthracis, B. stearothermophilus, Clostridium sporogenes, Corynebacterium pyogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Psedomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., and Proteus vulgaris. Chloroform fraction of G. kola exhibited broad spectrum effect on the test isolates while butanol fraction of A. sativum exhibited narrow spectrum effect on three Gram negative isolates. When the same fractions from each plant’s extract were combined at equal concentration and subjected to time kill assay, combined butanol fraction showed an excellent result with the ability of killing 100% of Staphilococcus aureus within 90 min at 0.66 mg/ml and 100% of Klebsiella pneumonia cells within 60 min at 1.32 mg/ml.Garcinia kola seeds and Allium sativum bulb extracts when combined had a broad spectrum antibacterial activity, with the combined butanol fractions being bactericidal as seen in the killing rate within short period and at a low concentration and this could be an important way of overcoming issues of antibiotic resistance.