Endorsement of the Structure of the Hidden Esoteric Ideological Attitude in Nawāl al– Sa‘dāwī's Literature: A Comparative Study between her Novels: Imra’ah ‘Inda Nuqṭat al- Ṣifr, Ṣuquṭ al-Imām, Jannat wa Iblīs, and Zena

Abstract

Any perception of literature, no matter how far it is kept away from ideology, or it declared its denial or opposition to its concepts, includes, whether it wanted or not, a clear ideological dimension, as literature is a discourse that develops on this planet, includes it, and practices its activities on it. It is a discourse that is soaked with ideology, and values and relationships come to it after they have been publicized by the powers of the social, moral and political relationships. The role of criticism is to reveal these implied dimensions and to be acquainted with the ideology of the texts that it deals with, which is a function that is not connected with revealing the ideology of the texts only, but with getting acquainted with the transformations that occurred to its fundamental concepts along the history of modern literature. Ideology in the novel is usually connected with the conflict of heroes while the novel as an ideology remains an expression of the writer's perceptions through those ideologies. Fictional writing for Nawāl al– Sa‘dāwī is not a game of pleasure, whose role ends when it ends. Writing for Nawāl al– Sa‘dāwī' is a message and an attitude, which characterized her writings by a comprehensive vision, and also enabled her to recognize the dialectic relationships that connect the individual, his thoughts and emotions with life and the conflicts of society, far away from directness and rhetoric, which turn the fictional text into a flat discourse, in which the positive hero tends to change reality into a better one due to his being a the typical hero.