Deforestation in Ghana: Evidence from selected Forest Reserves across six ecological zones.

Abstract

It is an undeniable fact that the forest resources of Ghana are ever depleting. This has however been given little attention in action, though a lot of consultations have been done according to literature. This study reviewed literature on the causes and effects of deforestation. Evidence from literature was supported with images of selected forest reserves across six (6) ecological zones in the country, thus Sudan Savannah Zone, Guinea Savannah Zone, Transitional Zone, Semi-deciduous Zone, Rain Forest Zone and Coastal Savannah Zone. Results reveal that, between the late 20th century and2020, all ecological zones have seen significant depletion of forest cover. Causes and effects of these has however been highlighted in this paper. It is much evident that the reserves in the drier ecological zones were the most affected. The Gbelle Game Reserve lost an approximate 56,049.67 ha of forest cover whiles the Ankasa National Park in the Rain Forest Zone lost an approximate forest cover of 1,792.90 ha between 1990 and 2020. It is recommended that forest protection policies in the Ghanabe strictly implemented and enforced to curb the entry and destruction of the forest reserves and forest cover, thus supporting the SDG 13 (Climate Action).