Ecological Sensitivity Assessment of Hangzhou City Based on GIS and AHP

Abstract

Ecological sensitivity analysis is an important basis for urban planning and layout. This article selects six ecological factors, including elevation, slope, aspect, water area, and vegetation index (NDVI), and land use type, to construct an ecological sensitivity evaluation system for Hangzhou City. GIS's spatial analysis technology, combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), is used to comprehensively evaluate the six ecological factor sensitivity indices. Meanwhile, the natural breakpoint method was used to divide the results into 5 levels: extremely sensitive region, highly sensitive region, meso-sensitive region, low sensitive region, and non-sensitive region. The results indicate that the ecological sensitivity of the study area is generally high, with land use type, vegetation coverage, and water area being the main sensitive factors. The proportion of the five sensitive areas from extremely sensitive to non-sensitive regions is 19%, 34%, 18%, 16%, and 13%, respectively. The highly sensitive regions in Hangzhou are mainly distributed in the southwest, while the non-sensitive regions are mainly distributed in the northeast. Finally, based on the comprehensive evaluation of ecological sensitivity and spatial layout in Hangzhou, this article provides targeted countermeasures and suggestions, providing a basis for land use construction planning and promoting ecological environment protection.